The term "Stratford-on-Odeon" not only refers to the two bookstores on l'Odéon, but it also refers to the literary circle which comprised of famous writers of the 1920s, who not only met at the bookstore, but also share ideas and read each other's works at the bars and cafes around the Left Bank.
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James Augustine Aloysius Joyce was an Irish writer and literary critic, known for his works with the modernist and avant-garde movement, and the use of stream of consciousness. The term "Stratford-on-Odeon" was coined by Joyce, referring to Adrienne Monnier's and Sylvia Beach's respective bookstores, as well as the emerging coterie of Anglophone writers around them. His modernist novel Ulysses (1922), now considered one of the most important works of modernist literature, was avoided by publishers due to its content, and thus was first published in Paris by Beach.
For a profile-oriented guide, visit Gumberg Library's James Joyce research guide.
Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was an American writer, best known for his depictions of the lifestyle and flamboyance of the Jazz Age. Through the 1920s, he frequented Europe and befriended fellow modernist writers in the expatriate community among these writers was Ernest Hemingway.
For a profile-oriented guide, visit Gumberg Library's F. Scott Fitzgerald research guide.
Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American writer and journalist, known for his economic and understated writing style. Hemingway moved to Pars in 1921, and worked as a foreign correspondent for the Canadian-English newspaper Toronto Star. It is also in Paris that he became acquainted with other expatriate modernist writers.
For a profile-oriented guide, visit Gumberg Library's Ernest Hemingway research guide.
The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound was an American poet and critic, considered a major figure in early modernist poetry and developing the Imagism movement, and shaping the work of other major contemporaries. He lived in Paris in 1921-1924, before moving to Italy and being a collaborator in Fascist Italy throughout WWII.
For a profile-oriented guide, visit Gumberg Library's Ezra Pound research guide.
Ezra and Dorothy Pound: Letters in Captivity, 1945-1946
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Gertrude Stein was an American writer and art collector. She moved to Paris in 1903, where she hosted a weekly Saturday evening salon where figures of modernism in literature and art would meet. She coined the term "the Lost Generation," in correlation to the stream of American and English expatriates.
For a profile-oriented guide, visit Gumberg Library's Gertrude Stein research guide.
This research guide was created by Agaretha Kosasih, English Department Intern, December 2024
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