According to the AMA Manual of Style, 10th edition (p. 40):
“References serve 3 primary purposes—documentation, acknowledgement, and directing the reader to additional resources. Authors may cite a reference to support their own arguments or lay the foundation for their theses (documentation); as a credit to the work of other authors (acknowledgment); or direct the reader to more detail or additional resources (directing or linking).”
This guide provides selected information on citing the literature used by pharmacists using AMA style. When you need additional information, consult the AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors, 10th ed. (available at Gumberg or the Pharmaceutical Information Center).
General notes:
Print
Zoccali C, Maio R, Mallamaci F, Sesti G, Perticone F. Uric acid and endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(5):1466-1471.
Electronic – DOI Present
Laenen J, Roelants M, Devlieger R, Vandermeulen C. Influenza and vaccination coverage in pregnant women. Vaccine. 2015;33(18):2125-2131. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.020.
Electronic – No DOI
Bland DK, Fankhanel Y, Langford E, Lee M, Lee SW, Maloney, C, et al. Intensive versus modified conventional control of blood glucose level in medical intensive care patients: a pilot study. Am J Crit Care. 2005;14(5):370-376. http://ajcc.aacnjournals.org/content/14/5/370.long. Accessed June 25, 2015.
Personal author(s)
Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2015.
Chapter in a Book
Pai AB, Rohrscheib M, Joy MS. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. In: DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2008:861-876.
Edited
Lunney JR, Foley KM, Smith TJ, Gelband H, eds. Describing Death in America: What We Need to Know. Washington, DC: National Policy Board, Institute of Medicine; 2003. http://www.nap.edu/books/0309087252/html. Accessed June 25, 2015.
General Form for Citing Databases (AMA Manual of Style, 10th ed.)
Author(s). Title of the database [database online]. Publisher’s location (city, state, or, for Canada, city, province, country, or, for all others, city, country): publisher’s name; year of publication and/or last update. URL [provide URL and verify that the link still works]. Accessed Month, Day, Year.
General Notes:
Clinical Pharmacology
Etodolac. Clinical Pharmacology [database online]. Tampa, FL: Gold Standard; 2015. http://www.clinicalpharmacology.com. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Database Specific Notes
Facts & Comparisons
Etodolac. Drug Facts and Comparisons. Facts & Comparisons [database online]. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health; March 2014. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Gingko Biloba. Review of Natural Products. Facts & Comparisons [database online]. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health; July 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Estrogen: Alzheimer Disease. Off-Label Drug Facts. Facts & Comparisons [database online]. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health; February 2011. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Database Specific Notes
Lexi-Comp Online
Etodolac. Lexi-Drugs. Lexi-Comp Online. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Etodolac. AHFS Essentials: Adult and Pediatric. Lexi-Comp Online. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Lactic Acid. Lab Tests and Diagnostic Procedures. Lexi-Comp Online. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Database Specific Notes
Micromedex
Etodolac. Quick Answers. Micromedex Healthcare Series [database online]. Greenwood Village, CO: Truven Health Analytics; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Etodolac. In-Depth Answers. Micromedex Healthcare Series [database online]. Greenwood Village, CO: Truven Health Analytics; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Etodolac. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Micromedex Healthcare Series [database online]. Greenwood Village, CO: Truven Health Analytics; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Active Ingredient: Etodolac. RED BOOK Online. Micromedex Healthcare Series [database online]. Greenwood Village, CO: Truven Health Analytics; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Database Specific Notes
UpToDate
Solomon DH. Nonselective NSAIDs: Adverse Cardiovascular Effects. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate; 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015.
Database Specific Notes
Print
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2008;57(RR-5):1-30.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2000. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2001.
Electronic
Food and Drug Administration. MedWatch. Mycophenolate mofetil and mycophenolate acid (update). http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/safety08.htm#mycophenolate. Accessed August 26, 2008.
Byetta [package insert]. San Diego, CA: Amylin Pharmaceuticals; 2008.
When citing electronic publications:
Use PubMed journal abbreviations or: